Lesson 20: Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry- Quantitative Chemistry
· Stoichiometry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative analysis if chemical reactions
· It is generalization of mole conversions to chemical reactions
· Understanding the 6 types of chemical reactions is the foundation of stoichoimetry
6 Types of Reactions
1. Synthesis
2. Decomposition
3. Single Replacement (S.R.)
4. Double Replacement (D.R.)
5. Neutralization
6. Combustion
Synthesis A+B →AB
· Usually elements→compound
· Balance the following reactions:
1. 2K + Br2 → 2KBr
2. 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3
3. 2Fe + 3Cl2 → 2FeCl3
Decomposition AB→ A+B
· Reverse of synthesis
Ø Always assume the compounds decompose into elements during decomposition
· Balance the following equations:
1. 2NaCl → 2Na + Cl2
2. 2KI → 2K + I2
3. Mg3N2 → 3Mg + N2
Single Replacement (S.R.) A+ BC → B + AC
· Balance the following equations:
1. Zn + CuCl2 → ZnCl2 +Cu
2. Cl2 + 2NaBr → 2NaCl + Br2
3. Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Double Replacement (D.R.) AB+CD → AD + BC
· Balance the following equations;
1. AgNO3 + HCl → AgCl + HNO3
2. Fe2O3 + 6HCl → 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
Neutralization
· Reaction between an acid and a base
· Balance the following equations;
1. HCl + NaOH → NaCl + HOH
2. Ca(OH)2 + H2CO3 → CaCO3 + 2 HOH
Combustion
· Reactions of something (usually hydrocarbon) with air.
· Hydrocarbon combustion always produces CO2 + H2O
· Balance the following equations:
1. C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O
2. C5H12 + 8O2 → 5CO2 + 6H2O
3. C7H6O3 + 7O2 → 7CO2 + 3H2O
Kelly
posted by chemistry11 @ 8:44 PM
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